基本田块或称“耕作灌水田块”(有些地方称条田),在我国北方平原灌区(包括指引黄灌区),系指末级永久性灌溉渠(毛渠或称引水渠)与排水沟(农沟)所控制范围,它不仅是农田灌溉、排水的基本单元,也是农机作业、农业经营管理、土地平整和土壤改良的基本单元,成为灌区渠系规划设计、农业基本建设的基础.五十年代,我国参照国外经验,对于北方平原地区,主要根据提高机耕效率的原则 The basic plots or “tillage irrigated plots” (in some places called stubble fields), in the northern plain of China (including the Yellow River irrigated area) refer to the final permanent irrigation channels (furrows or diversion channels) and drainage It is not only the basic unit of farmland irrigation and drainage, but also the basic unit of farm machinery operation, agricultural management, land leveling and soil improvement. It has become the basis for the planning and design of irrigation canal system and the basic construction of agriculture. In the 1950s, our country with reference to foreign experience, for the northern plains, mainly based on the principle of improving the efficiency of plow