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为了系统了解我国宠物市场外来物种的贸易状况,防范外来物种造成生态灾害,制定更加有效的外来物种管理政策,在相关部门的支持下,我们采用重点调查法和实地踏查法,对北京、上海、南京、广州、哈尔滨等5个城市的20个宠物市场的外来野生动物进行了实地调查。结果表明:(1)在5个城市中,共发现野生外来贸易物种96种,其中受威胁物种(包括极危、濒危和易危三类)29种,占记录外来贸易物种总数的30%;列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)附录的物种35种,占记录外来贸易物种总数的36%。(2)北京外来物种数和列入IUCN红色名录的物种数最多;广州市仅在本地区调查中发现的物种数和列入CITES附录I/II的物种数最多。(3)41%的物种、61%的CITES附录物种贸易规模小于10只。(4)45%的物种贸易价格在100–1,000元/只。我国宠物市场外来野生动物贸易应当强化对外来物种贸易全过程监管、打击非法贸易、规范放生行为和强化公众教育。
In order to systematically understand the trade status of alien species in China’s pet market, guard against the ecological disasters caused by alien species and formulate more effective alien species management policies, with the support of relevant departments, we adopted the key investigation method and the field investigation method, , Nanjing, Guangzhou, Harbin and other five cities in 20 pet markets of exotic wildlife conducted a field survey. The results showed that: (1) 96 species of wild alien species were found in 5 cities, of which 29 were threatened species (including critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable), accounting for 30% of the total number of alien species. Thirty-five species included in the CITES Appendices, accounting for 36% of the total number of foreign trade species, were included in the appendix to the CITES (International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). (2) The largest number of alien species in Beijing and the IUCN Red List are included in the survey; the number of species found in this survey in Guangzhou is the largest among those listed in Appendix I / II of CITES. (3) 41% of species, and 61% of CITES appendices species trade less than 10. (4) 45% of the species trade price is 100-1,000 yuan / only. The foreign wildlife trade in China’s pet market should strengthen the supervision of the entire process of alien species trade, crack down on illegal trade, regulate release and strengthen public education.