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凡以水泥作胶结料的水泥砂浆、混凝土、水磨石等地面面层,习惯上称水泥类地面。水泥类地面具有强度高、刚性好、取材容易、造价适中、施工及维修方便等优点,它在我国工业建设中得到最广泛的应用。据机械工业部对215个机械工厂车间、工段的调查统计,水泥类地面约占90%,详见表1。调查表明,除水磨石面层外,各种水泥类面层存在不同程度的起灰、起砂现象,不仅有碍人体卫生,而且影响仪器设备的使用寿命,影响零件的加工精度或产品质量,水泥地面的上述弊端,使其应用范围受到限制。如何扬其所长,避其所短,保持水泥类地面广泛而经济的实用价值,实属亟待解决的课题。《工业建筑地面设计规范》修订组,在调查研究的基础上,已将各地防止水泥地面起灰的有效措施和几种新型的水泥地面类型列入规范,现分别介绍如后。
Cement mortar, concrete, terrazzo, and other floor coverings that use cement as cement are customarily called cement floors. The cement floor has the advantages of high strength, good rigidity, easy material acquisition, moderate construction cost, convenient construction and maintenance, etc. It is the most widely used in China’s industrial construction. According to the investigation statistics of 215 mechanical factory workshops and sections by the Ministry of Machine-Building Industry, about 90% of the cement floor is located. See Table 1 for details. The investigation showed that except for the terrazzo surface, various types of cement surface layers have different degrees of ashing and sanding, which not only hinder human health, but also affect the service life of equipment and equipment, affect the machining precision or product quality of parts, and cement. The above drawbacks of the ground make its application range limited. How to enhance its strengths and avoid shortcomings and maintain a wide range of economical practical value of cement is an urgent issue to be resolved. On the basis of the investigation and study, the revised group of the “Code for the Design of Industrial Building Grounds” has included the effective measures to prevent the ashing of cement floors and several new types of cement floors in the specifications, and they are introduced separately hereafter.