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目的对2007-2015年中山市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Event Following Immunization,AEFI)监测数据进行分析,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况和预防接种的安全性。方法收集2007-2015年发生AEFI个案和疫苗接种数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2007-2015年中山市AEFI报告县覆盖率100%,发现个案48 h内报告97.23%,48 h内调查98.45%,调查后3 d内报告100%,项目填写完整率100%和分类率98.76%。AEFI发生率为26.83/10万;男女性别比为1.54∶1;<1岁占病例数40.02%;<1岁各月龄均有病例发生。AEFI分类以一般反应为主,占82.37%;临床诊断以发热/红肿/硬结为主,占80.77%;94.17%的AEFI发生在接种后3 d内。AEFI发生率高的前5种疫苗分别为7价肺炎疫苗、23价肺炎疫苗、DTa P-IPV/Hib联合疫苗、DTa P-Hib联合疫苗、百白破疫苗。结论 2007-2015年中山市AEFI监测系统运转良好,监测数据质量高,基本能够反映出预防接种安全性的真实水平。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data of AEFI in Zhongshan City from 2007 to 2015 and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of vaccination. Methods AEFI cases and vaccination data from 2007 to 2015 were collected and used descriptive methods for epidemiological analysis. Results In 2007-2015, the coverage of AEFI in Zhongshan City was 100%. It was found that 97.23% of cases were reported in 48 hours, 98.45% in 48 hours and 100% in 3 days after the survey. The completeness rate of the project was 100% and the classification rate was 98.76 %. The incidence of AEFI was 26.83 / 100 000; the sex ratio of men and women was 1.54:1; <1 year old accounted for 40.02% of the cases; cases of each age <1 year had occurred. The AEFI classification was mainly based on the general reaction, accounting for 82.37%. Clinical diagnosis was mainly fever / inflamed / induration, accounting for 80.77%. 94.17% of AEFI occurred within 3 days after inoculation. The top five vaccines with a high incidence of AEFI were the 7-valent pneumonia vaccine, the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine, the DTa P-IPV / Hib combination vaccine, the DTa P-Hib combination vaccine and the diphtheriae vaccine. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Zhongshan City operated well from 2007 to 2015, and the quality of monitoring data was high enough to reflect the true level of vaccination safety.