在科学研究中存在一种“比喻性”的思维模式,称之为类比思维,它是科学研究中最引人注目的形象思维方式.科学家认为类比思维方式乃是科学家创造性气质的体现,是科学直觉发现的源泉.当代著名教育家波利亚曾形象地说过:“类比是一个伟大的领路人.”类比思维就是从两个或两类事物某些属性的相近或相反意义出发,根据某个或某类事物有或没有某种属性,进而推出另一个或另一类事物也有或没 There is a metaphorical mode of thinking in scientific research. It is called analogy thinking. It is the most eye-catching image thinking mode in scientific research. Scientists believe that analogical thinking mode is the embodiment of scientist’s creative temperament, and it is science. The source of intuition and discovery. The famous contemporary educator Polya once said vividly: “Analogism is a great leader.” Analogical thinking starts from the similar or opposite meaning of certain attributes of two or two kinds of things, according to a certain One or some kind of thing with or without some kind of attribute, and then launch another or another kind of thing with or without