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目的蓝藻水华暴发日益频繁,蓝细菌滋生、产生大量有毒代谢产物——藻毒素。最典型的有鱼腥藻毒素-A(Anatoxin-a,AnTX-a)和微囊藻毒素(Microcystins,MC)。AnTX-a是一种快速致死性神经毒素,MC是普遍存在的细胞和肝毒素,被这些毒素污染的水体和食物会给人畜健康带来严重危害,也可能对人群公共健康造成威胁。方法通过查阅国内外研究进展,概述了AnTX-a和MC对机体免疫系统的毒性作用。结果近年来大量研究表明,AnTX-a和MC对机体的危害不仅仅限于神经系统和实质器官,还能对人类、动物以及水生生物中免疫细胞和免疫分子产生毒性效应。结论此综述从免疫学角度,为深入探讨AnTX-a和MC对机体的联合免疫毒性作用和机理提供新的视野和思路。
Purposes Cyanobacterial blooms outbreaks are more frequent, cyanobacteria breeding, resulting in a large number of toxic metabolites - algae toxins. The most typical are Anatoxin-a (AnTX-a) and Microcystins (MC). AnTX-a is a fast lethal neurotoxin, MC is a ubiquitous cell and hepatotoxin, water and food contaminated with these toxins can cause serious harm to human and animal health, but also may pose a threat to the public health of the population. Methods By reviewing the research progress at home and abroad, the toxic effects of AnTX-a and MC on the immune system were summarized. Results In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that AnTX-a and MC harm to the body not only limited to the nervous system and the real organs, but also to humans, animals and aquatic organisms immune cells and immune molecules have toxic effects. Conclusion This review provides a new perspective and ideas for further study of the combined immunotoxic effects and mechanisms of AnTX-a and MC on the body from an immunological perspective.