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根据特征致灾因子的差异，将中国城市灾害类型大体上划分为沿海台风暴雨洪涝地面沉降型、北方干旱缺水风沙地面沉降型和南方洪涝渍害地面沉陷塌陷型等三大类型区。分别用上海、北京、武汉作为三种案例地区，讨论了以上三种城市灾害类型区的主要灾害及其地学背景。指出除了自然地理的因素外，人类在城市灾害致灾因素中也通过开采地下水、设计防洪排涝设施等行为表现出一定程度的作用.
According to the difference of characteristic hazard factors, the types of urban disasters in China are roughly divided into three types of types: coastal typhoon storm flood land subsidence type, north arid and lacked wind and sand land subsidence type, and southern flood and waterlogging subsidence subsidence type. We respectively use Shanghai, Beijing and Wuhan as the three case areas to discuss the major disasters and geo-information backgrounds of the above three kinds of urban disaster-type areas. It points out that in addition to the factors of natural geography, mankind also plays a certain role in exploiting groundwater and designing flood control and drainage facilities in the disaster-causing factors of urban disasters.