影响西方国家能源战略的因素很多，其中包括政治因素、宏观经济因素、环境因素、油气资源状况和科技进步等。在不同历史时期，这些因素所构成的大环境是不同的，从而也导致了西方国家能源战略的不断发展变化。从二战后至今，国际政治格局从对抗到缓和、从少极到多极不断发展变? There are many factors affecting the energy strategy in western countries, including political factors, macroeconomic factors, environmental factors, the status of oil and gas resources and technological progress. In different historical periods, these factors constitute the general environment is different, which also led to the continuous development of Western energy strategy changes. Since the Second World War, the pattern of international politics has changed from confrontation to relaxation and from less to more poles.