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[目的]为水肥合理调控、实现设施蔬菜的优质高产提供理论依据。[方法]2010年8～11月在浙江省余杭日光温室条件下种植黄瓜,定期采集黄瓜地渗透水水样和盛果期黄瓜果实进行分析,研究6种施肥模式对日光温室菜地渗透水氮、磷流失量和黄瓜果实品质的影响。[结果]施用常规化肥,渗漏水氮磷流失量分别达到19.55、2.91 g/hm2,黄瓜果实中硝酸盐含量达450.95 mg/kg;减量20%、40%施用等养分专用肥和施用等养分有机肥比施用常规化肥氮流失量少8.80～12.27 g/hm2,磷流失量少1.74～2.37 g/hm2。同时,与不施肥相比,后3种施肥模式黄瓜果实VC含量、可溶性糖含量均有显著性增加。[结论]等养分专用肥减量施肥模式、等养分有机肥施肥模式在蔬菜种植中值得推广使用,而应尽量避免常规化肥施肥模式。
[Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for proper regulation of water and fertilizer and realization of high quality and high yield of facility vegetables. [Method] Cucumbers were planted in the solar greenhouse in Yuhang of Zhejiang Province from August to November in 2010, and the infiltration water samples of cucumber and cucumber fruits in full fruit stage were collected for analysis. The effects of six fertilization modes on the infiltration of water and nitrogen , Phosphorus loss and cucumber fruit quality. [Result] The results showed that the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the leaching water was 19.55 and 2.91 g / hm2, respectively, and the nitrate content in cucumber fruits was 450.95 mg / kg and 20% and 40% respectively. Nutrient organic fertilizer than the conventional fertilizer application of nitrogen loss less 8.80 ~ 12.27 g / hm2, phosphorus loss less 1.74 ~ 2.37 g / hm2. At the same time, the VC content and soluble sugar content of the cucumber fruits in the latter three fertilization modes all increased significantly compared with no fertilization. [Conclusion] Such as nutrient-specific fertilization mode of fertilization, such as nutrient-manure fertilization mode should be widely used in vegetable cultivation, but should try to avoid conventional fertilization mode.