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表达于抗原提呈细胞的共刺激分子(主要是B7分子)及其配体(存在于T细胞)之间的共刺激机制是肿瘤免疫过程中T细胞激活的重要信号之一。根据肿瘤抗原提呈至宿主T细胞的过程,共刺激信号主要通过顺式共刺激机制、反式共刺激机制及转移的顺式共刺激机制等途径中的一种或数种传递的。在肿瘤抗原激活CTL的过程中,共刺激分子B7不仅给T细胞提供特殊的共刺激信号,而且还可能影响抗原多肽-MHC复合体与TCR之间的结合从而对CTL的激活具有重要的影响。在肿瘤免疫过程中,可以通过细胞因子等的应用来增强共刺激信号;有效利用共刺激机制将可能为肿瘤的免疫治疗提供新的应用策略。
The co-stimulatory mechanism between co-stimulatory molecules (mainly B7 molecules) and their ligands (present in T cells) expressed on antigen-presenting cells is one of the important signals of T-cell activation during tumor immunity. According to the process of presenting tumor antigens to host T cells, costimulatory signals are transmitted through one or more of the cis co-stimulation mechanism, the trans co-stimulation mechanism, and the transferred cis co-stimulation mechanism. In the process of activation of CTL by tumor antigens, the co-stimulatory molecule B7 not only provides special co-stimulatory signals to T cells, but also may affect the binding between the antigen polypeptide-MHC complex and the TCR and thus has an important influence on the activation of CTLs. In the course of tumor immunity, co-stimulatory signals can be enhanced through the use of cytokines and the like; effective use of co-stimulatory mechanisms will likely provide new application strategies for tumor immunotherapy.