China’s energy demand and energy imports have increased substantially in recent 5 years and will continue to grow in future. Increasing dependency on the world market and the tension between energy supply and demand clearly show that energy is becoming a major constraint for China’s future economic development. We introduce the background of China’s energy demand and supply in this paper and discuss China’s energy strategy in the twenty- first century, focusing on growth, energy security and environmental sustainability. China’s energy demand and energy imports have increased substantially in recent 5 years and will continue to grow in future. Increasing dependency on the world market and the tension between energy supply and demand clearly show that energy is becoming a major constraint for China’s future economic development. We introduce the background of China’s energy demand and supply in this paper and discuss China’s energy strategy in the twenty- first century, focusing on growth, energy security and environmental sustainability.