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《义务教育数学课程标准》指出,“对学生数学学习评价,既要关注学生数学学习的结果,又要关注他们在学习过程中的变化和发展”。只有做到关注过程,才能有针对性地提高学生的学习能力。方程知识是“数与代数”领域的重要内容,列方程解决实际问题是小学生数学思维方法的一次突破与飞跃。“课标”指出,“方程中反映的数学模型的思想和方法,将帮助人们更准确、更清晰地认识和描述现实世界,并解决有关的实际问题”。它降低了分析、推理的难度,符合培养学生思维能力的需要,不仅在小学非常重要,在初中“代数知识”的学习,乃至高中的数学学习,它都是至关重要的。因此,提高小学生列方程解决问题的能力,既是贯彻“课标”的基本体现,更是为学生全面、持续发展服务的必然要求。
“Compulsory education mathematics curriculum standards,” pointed out that “evaluation of student mathematics learning, we must pay attention to the results of student learning mathematics, but also pay attention to their changes in the learning process and development ”. Only by paying attention to the process can we improve students’ learning ability in a targeted manner. Equation knowledge is an important part in the field of “numbers and algebra”. Solving the practical problems of column equations is a breakthrough and a leap in the mathematical thinking of pupils. “The lesson standard” states that the ideas and methods of the mathematical model reflected in the equation “will help people to understand and describe the real world more accurately and clearly and to solve practical problems related to it.” It reduces the difficulty of analysis and reasoning and meets the need of cultivating students’ thinking ability. It is very important not only in primary schools, but also in junior high school, algebraic knowledge and high school mathematics learning. Therefore, improving the ability of primary school students to formulate the problem solving is not only the basic manifestation of implementing the “standard” but also the inevitable requirement for students’ comprehensive and sustainable development.