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为了解安徽省 2 0 0 2年小学新生预防接种状况 ,采用横断面调查方法对城乡部分小学一年级新生的预防接种记录进行了调查。在合肥市和天长市共调查了 5所小学的 812名 2 0 0 2年入学新生。结果显示 ,只有合肥市城区小学建立了查验预防接种证制度 ,5所小学只有 4 8 2 8%的新生持有预防接种证 ,17 11%的新生既无预防接种证又无预防接种卡 ,城区学生预防接种证持有率 >90 %。而在农村只有 13 6 5 %新生家长保存预防接种证 ,72 98%的农村新生能从乡级卫生院查找到预防接种记录。城郊小学流动儿童占 36 2 1% ,流动儿童预防接种证持有率较低 ,所有乡级卫生院均无流动儿童的预防接种记录。新生的平均卡痕率为 84 85 %。城区常住儿童 92 86 %接种过卡介苗 (BCG) ,除白喉百日咳破伤风联合疫苗 (DPT)外 ,口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (OPV)、麻疹疫苗 (MV)和乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗全程接种率均 >80 % ;农村常住儿童虽有近 90 %接种过BCG、OPV、DPT、MV ,但OPV、DPT、MV的全程接种率只有 30 %多 ,有 6 3 37%的新生未接种乙肝疫苗。流动儿童各种疫苗接种率均较低 ,BCG的接种率为16 2 8% ,接种过OPV、MV、DPT和乙肝疫苗的儿童 <5 0 % ,而上述疫苗的全程接种率更低 ,城郊和农村的流动儿童基本上无接种疫苗记录。建议城郊和农
In order to understand the vaccination status of primary freshmen in Anhui province in 2002, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the vaccination records of first-grade freshmen in urban and rural primary schools. A total of 812 freshmen enrolled in 5 primary schools were surveyed in Hefei and Tianchang. The results showed that only Hefei City Primary School established a check vaccination certificate system, 5 primary schools only 4828% of newborn vaccination certificates, 1711% of new students neither vaccination nor vaccination cards, urban Student vaccination certificate holders> 90%. In rural areas, only 13.65% of new-born parents kept vaccination certificates, and 72.98% of rural freshmen could find vaccination records from township hospitals. The number of floating children in suburban primary schools accounted for 36.21%, and the holding rate of floating child vaccination certificates was low, and no vaccination record was found for all floating township hospitals. The average card rate of new students was 84 85%. 92,86% of resident children in urban areas were vaccinated with BCG, and the overall vaccination rate of oral poliovirus (OPV), measles vaccine (MV) and hepatitis B (hepatitis B) vaccine were the same except diphtheria pertussis tetanus combined vaccine (DPT) Although the vaccination rate of BCG, OPV, DPT and MV in rural resident children was nearly 90%, the overall vaccination rate of OPV, DPT and MV was only over 30%, and 637% of the newborns with unvaccinated Hepatitis B vaccine were vaccinated. The vaccination rates for migrant children were low, BCG vaccination rates were 16 2%, and those vaccinated with OPV, MV, DPT and hepatitis B vaccines were less than 50% Rural migrant children are essentially free of vaccination records. Recommended outskirts and farming