论文部分内容阅读
目的了解和分析攀枝花市全人群甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)病毒(HAV)感染情况及免疫状况;为进一步完善攀枝花市甲肝的防治策略提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取攀枝花市东区等5个县(区)全人群常住人口,分7个年龄组,每个年龄组抽取约20人,总共686人,血清标本686份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法对血清中抗HAV-Ig G进行血清学检测。结果攀枝花市人群HAV-Ig G阳性率为93.15%,5~6岁组抗HAV-Ig G阳性率为96.12%,20岁以上组阳性率为95.92%,7~14岁组最低;剔除甲肝疫苗接种史不详者,有免疫史的500人中,甲肝疫苗的接种率为75.40%;抛出未到接种年龄的人群,1.5~2岁组甲肝疫苗接种率最低(58.51%),其次为15~19岁组(62.22%);在有免疫史的500人中,抗HAV-Ig G阳性率为93.20%,7~14岁最低(83.13%),其次为15~19岁组(86.67%);2008年之前出生的人血清抗中HAV-Ig G阳性率(90.1%)低于2008年之后出生的人血清中抗HAV-Ig G阳性率(95.6%);2008年之前出生的人甲肝疫苗接种率(36.4%)明显低于2008年之后出生的人甲肝疫苗接种率(69.5%)。结论既往攀枝花市的甲肝疫苗接种策略显著提高了儿童和青少年人群的甲肝抗体水平,但接种甲肝疫苗产生的抗体滴度存在随着时间推移逐渐消退的可能,需要考虑加强免疫,重视7~14岁年龄组人群甲肝疫苗的补种。应加强甲肝防治知识的健康教育,继续实行以保护易感人群和切断传播途径为主的综合防制策略。
Objective To understand and analyze the status of the hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection and its immune status in Panzhihua City, and to provide a reference for further prevention and control of hepatitis A in Panzhihua City. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the resident population of the whole population in 5 counties (districts) in Panzhihua City in the east of China. The population was divided into seven age groups, each of whom had about 20 persons, 686 in total, and 686 serum samples. Serum anti-HAV-Ig G was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The positive rate of HAV-Ig G in Panzhihua was 93.15%, the positive rate of anti-HAV-Ig G in 5-6 years old group was 96.12%, the positive rate was 95.92% in the group of 20 years old and the lowest in 7-14 years group. Vaccination history is unknown, the history of immunization among 500 people, the vaccination rate of hepatitis A vaccine was 75.40%; thrown out of the vaccination age group, 1.5 to 2-year-old group hepatitis A vaccination rate was the lowest (58.51%), followed by 15 ~ The positive rate of anti-HAV-Ig G was 93.20% in the 500 immunized patients, the lowest was in the range of 7-14 years (83.13%), followed by the patients aged 15-19 years (86.67%) in the 19-year-old group (62.22% The positive rate of HAV-Ig G in human serum before birth was lower than that in 2008 (90.1%). The positive rate of anti-HAV-Ig G in human serum was 95.6% after birth in 2008; Hepatitis A vaccination before 2008 The rate (36.4%) was significantly lower than the rate of human hepatitis A vaccination (69.5%) born after 2008. Conclusions Historically, hepatitis A vaccination strategy in Panzhihua City has significantly raised the level of hepatitis A antibody in children and adolescents. However, antibody titers induced by hepatitis A vaccine may gradually disappear over time, and immunization should be considered and emphasis should be placed on children aged 7-14 years Age group hepatitis A vaccine. Hepatitis A prevention and treatment should be strengthened health education, continue to implement to protect the susceptible population and cut off the route of transmission based integrated control strategy.