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在《故事新编》中 ,鲁迅借助历史小说的形式 ,既深刻地揭露与批判了国民的奴性 ,也在不少正面人物身上映射了改革精神与反抗精神等理想人性。同时 ,小说也传达了作家作为启蒙者无法驱遣的孤独、绝望与虚无感。这双重意蕴的矛盾性与作家矛盾、复杂的创作动机与心境直接关联。在鲁迅创作动机的深层结构中 ,丰富性动机 (文化启蒙 )与缺乏性动机(“释愤抒情”)交融共存。在不同创作时期 ,两类动机的比重并不一致 ,创作心境也存在很大的差异 ,因而文本意蕴的矛盾性也相应地呈现出起伏消长的复杂变化
In the story series, with the aid of historical novels, Lu Xun not only disclosed and criticized the slavishness of the Chinese people deeply, but also mirrored the ideal human nature such as the spirit of reform and resistance in many positive figures. At the same time, the novel also conveys the loneliness, despair and nihility of writers who can not be evicted as enlightenment creatures. The ambivalence of this double implication is directly related to the writer’s contradiction and complicated creative motivation. In the deep structure of Lu Xun’s creative motivation, the rich motives (cultural enlightenment) coexist with the lack of motivation (“indignant lyricism”). In different periods of creation, the two types of motivation are not the same in proportion and there are great differences in the creative mood. Therefore, the contradiction of the textual meaning also presents a complex change in ups and downs