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目的研究参麦注射液对母婴分离新生鼠脑损伤的保护作用及机制。方法用新生期母婴分离动物模型(出生后第2~21天、与母鼠每天分离3 h)。按照体重将动物随机分为3组(n=12):对照组、模型组与实验组。在2个月时,用三桶互通脑功能仪测定成年后大鼠行为的改变;用免疫组织化学方法检测Bcl-2蛋白在成年大鼠脑组织海马中的表达情况。结果成年后,实验组与模型组的大鼠自发活动的总路程分别为(15.17±5.32),(12.32±2.74)m,2组的平均速度分别为(0.09±0.03),(0.07±0.04)m·s~(-1),实验组较模型组自发活动的总路程有所增加、平均速度有所加快,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);但尚未恢复到对照组水平。模型组、对照组与实验组的海马组织Bcl-2表达量分别为110.34±37.32,92.62±52.13,152.17±29.65,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型组较对照组明显下降,实验组较模型组明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),但实验组未恢复至对照组水平。结论参麦注射液可能通过增加凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2蛋白的表达,减轻早期母婴分离所致新生鼠的神经损伤,从而改善远期行为发育。
Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of Shenmai injection on neonatal rats with brain injury. Methods The animal model of neonatal maternal and neonatal separation (2 to 21 days after birth, and maternal daily separation 3 h). Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups according to body weight (n = 12): control group, model group and experimental group. At 2 months, the behavioral changes of adult rats were measured by the three-barrel reciprocating brain function instrument. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in hippocampus of adult rat brain tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The total distance of spontaneous activity in experimental group and model group was (15.17 ± 5.32) and (12.32 ± 2.74) m, respectively, and the average velocity in two groups was (0.09 ± 0.03) and (0.07 ± 0.04) m · s ~ (-1). The total distance traveled spontaneously in the experimental group increased compared with that in the model group, and the average speed accelerated. The differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05), but not recovered to the control group. The expression of Bcl-2 in hippocampus of model group, control group and experimental group were 110.34 ± 37.32,92.62 ± 52.13 and 152.17 ± 29.65, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The expression of Bcl- (P <0.05), but the experimental group did not recover to the level of the control group, the experimental group was significantly increased compared with the model group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Shenmai injection may improve the long-term behavioral development by increasing the expression of Bcl-2, an inhibitor of apoptosis, and alleviating the neurological damage in neonatal rats induced by early maternal-fetal separation.