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对制糖造纸行业病原微生物污染和检测方法进行综述。首先,介绍了制糖造纸行业潜在的致病微生物种类及其引起的致病情况,特别是工人因接触发霉甘蔗渣引起的蔗渣肺情况。然后,阐述了病原微生物的采集方法、检测方法和检测技术的研究进展,比较了直接涂片染色镜检、分离培养与生化反应、活体组织细胞培养等传统病原微生物的检测技术与综合应用微生物学、化学、生物化学、生物物理学、免疫学和血清学等快速检测方法的优劣。最后,提出了积极开展职业卫生专项调查、建立常见病原微生物的快速检测标准与职业接触限值、尝试生物防治、加强管理减少发霉污染的工序、加强个人防护意识等防治措施。
Review of the pathogenic microorganism contamination and detection methods in sugar and papermaking industry. First of all, the potential pathogenic microorganisms in the sugar and papermaking industry and the resulting disease-causing conditions are introduced, especially the workers’ bagasse lungs due to the contact with moldy bagasse. Then, the research progress on the methods of collection, detection and detection of pathogenic microorganisms are described. The detection technologies of traditional pathogenic microorganisms such as direct smear microscopy, isolation and culture and biochemical reactions, and cell culture of living tissues are compared with the comprehensive application of microbiology , Chemistry, biochemistry, biophysics, immunology and serology and other rapid detection methods of the pros and cons. Finally, we put forward the special survey of occupational health actively, establish the rapid testing standards and occupational exposure limits of common pathogenic microorganisms, try biological control, strengthen the management of the process of reducing moldy pollution, and strengthen prevention and control measures such as personal protection awareness.