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晚清反侵略战争的战役 ,包括海口和要塞抗登陆战、城市防御战、平原和山地防御战、高原地区进攻战以及海上作战。这些战役的指导上 ,除收复新疆等 3次进攻战外 ,其他都是不同类型的阵地防御战 ;除镇南关—谅山之役外 ,都没有反攻和进攻的作战行动 ,而是自始至终消极防御、被动挨打 ,直至失败。出现这种局面 ,主要是受消极防御战略方针所制约。
The campaign of anti-aggression war in late Qing dynasty included anti-landing warfare in Haikou and fortifications, urban defensive battle, plains and mountain defenses, offensive in the plateau area and naval operations. Guided by these campaigns, except for the three offensive operations such as the resumption of Xinjiang, the others were defensive operations of different types. In addition to the battle of Zhennan Pass and the Lang Son Countdown, there were no counter-offensive and offensive operations, but they were negative from beginning to end Defense, passive beaten, until the failure. This situation occurs mainly due to the negative defense strategy.