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近年来,各种理论与方法论的导入推进了日本近代史研究的新发展,但也产生了诸多问题。1990年以来的日本近代史研究表现出“语言论转向”的倾向,“国民国家论”流行。前者促使有关“记忆”“证言”的研究方法呈现多样化,围绕后者所展开的批判性研究意图立足于更细微的考察,从而促进历史学的发展。现今阶段,“全球史”大有取代“国民国家论”而流行的趋势,但在解决国家间的历史认识问题时却困难重重。与此同时,政治家评传的大量出版显示出实证主义史学的方兴未艾,却存在着难以超越个性去把握近代日本政治的结构性的问题。此外,全球化进程中人文科学遭遇的危机也影响了近代史研究的发展,并成为困扰日本学术界的一个难题。
In recent years, the introduction of various theories and methodologies has promoted the new development of Japanese modern history research, but also brought about many problems. The study of Japanese modern history since 1990 shows the tendency of “linguistic shift” and the prevalence of “national state theory.” The former promotes diversification of research methods related to “memory ” “testimony ”, and the historical research is promoted based on the more subtle examination of the latter’s critical research intentions. At this stage, “global history” has greatly replaced the popular trend of “national state theory.” However, it has been very difficult to solve the historical understanding among nations. At the same time, the mass publication of politicians’ accreditation shows the ascendant of positivist historiography, but there are problems that it is difficult to transcend the individuality and grasp the structural nature of modern Japanese politics. In addition, the crisis encountered by the humanities in the process of globalization has also affected the development of modern history research and has become a problem that plagues Japanese academia.