水在生态系统中是一种最活跃的物质,不仅数量多而且作用大,活动范围广,交换速率高,特别由于水是能量的贮存者、交换者及运输者,因此水成为生态系统中极为重要成份之一。在自然生态系统中森林与水的关系十分密切,森林具有保持水土,涵养水源、防风固沙,净化空气,减少噪音等生态效益。森林水文生态效益是森林生态效益的一个方面,开展这 Water is one of the most active species in ecosystems. It is not only large in quantity but also large in magnitude, with a wide range of activities and high exchange rates, especially because water is a reservoir, exchanger and transporter of energy and therefore water is extremely active in ecosystems One of the important ingredients. In natural ecosystems, the relationship between forests and water is very close. The forest has the ecological benefits of water and soil conservation, water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation, air purification and noise reduction. The ecological benefits of forest hydrology are one aspect of the ecological benefits of forests