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阿姆河是中亚地区的主要灌溉水源。该河河道比降1.6～2.6‰,多年平均水量686亿m~3,多年平均沙量2.46亿 t,最大洪峰流量8000～9000m~3/s,洪峰期含沙量16～20kg/m~3。它在赋于人和土地以生命的同时,强烈地冲刷由细砂和壤土构成的河岸(有时每昼夜的崩岸宽达50m),造成巨大的损失。河岸变形引起居民点、耕地、各种工程建筑的破坏和水利枢纽不能正常运用,灌溉引水不畅或引水航运条件恶化。
The Amu is the main source of irrigation water in Central Asia. The river channel is 1.6 ~ 2.6 ‰ lower than that of the previous year, and the average annual volume of water is 68.6 billion m ~ 3. The annual average sediment yield is 246 million t, the maximum flood peak discharge is 8000-9000 m ~ 3 / s, and the peak sediment concentration is 16-20 kg / m ~ 3 . While giving life to human beings and land, it strongly flushes riparian banks of fine sand and loam (sometimes up to 50m wide at day and night), causing huge losses. River bank deformation caused residential, farmland, the destruction of a variety of engineering construction and the hydraulic hub can not be used normally, poor water diversion irrigation or diversion of shipping conditions deteriorated.