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1型糖尿病(T1DM)是一种自身免疫性疾病,是由于机体免疫系统功能障碍导致胰岛β细胞破坏而引起的糖代谢紊乱,其自身免疫进程可分为四个阶段,即遗传易感期、自身免疫攻击期、临床发病期和胰岛功能衰竭期。自身免疫性疾病尚无确切的根治手段,对于T1DM目前仅停留在胰岛功能的替代治疗,即胰岛素注射。然而每天繁复的皮下注射、自我血糖监测和胰岛素用量的精确调整以及难以避免的低血糖风
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by dysfunction of glucose metabolism caused by the destruction of islet beta cells due to dysfunction of the immune system. The autoimmune process can be divided into four stages, namely, the genetic predisposition, Autoimmune attack, clinical onset and islet failure. There is no definitive cure for autoimmune diseases, and T1DM is currently an alternative to islet function, insulin injections. However, daily complicated subcutaneous injections, self-monitoring of blood glucose and the precise adjustment of insulin dosage and unavoidable hypoglycemia