论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨2010-2014年佳木斯市大气PM10对城区居民呼吸系统疾病日入院人数的影响.方法 采用1∶3配比的时间分层病例交叉研究,控制气象等因素的影响,以条件logistic回归分析佳木斯市2010年1月1日-2014年12月31日大气PM10浓度与呼吸系统疾病日入院人数的关系,并按性别(男、女)、年龄(＜15岁、15～65岁、＞65岁)和疾病类型[肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和支气管肺炎],对大气污染物的健康效应进行分层分析.结果 研究期间佳木斯市大气PM10的日均浓度及年均浓度均低于国家二级标准.大气PM10日均浓度与SO2、NO2、日均气压呈正相关,与日均温度呈负相关,差异均有统计学意义(P＜O.01).单污染物模型显示,研究期间大气PM10浓度每升高10μg/m3,与肺炎、COPD日入院人数的OR值分别在滞后4、3d达到最高,相应的OR值(95％CI)分别为1.021(1.002～1.041),1.022(1.004～1.040),均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在控制气温、相对湿度、气压的影响后,多污染物模型显示,大气PM10浓度每升高10 μg/m3,仍会增加肺炎、COPD日入院人数,均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).性别分层结果显示,大气PM10浓度每升高10 μg/m3,可引起男性肺炎患者及男、女性COPD患者日入院人数增加,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);年龄分层结果显示,大气PM10浓度每升高10μg/m3,可引起＜15岁、15～65岁、＞65岁肺炎、COPD、支气管肺炎患者日入院人数增加,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 佳木斯市呼吸系统常见疾病的日入院人数增加可能与该市大气PM10短期低浓度暴露有关联.“,”Objective To understand the effect of air particulate matter (PM10) on number of hospitalized residents with respiratory diseases in urban of Jiamusi city.Methods The case-crossover study was conducted and conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between PM10 level and respiratory diseases in Jiamusi in 2010-2014.Results The daily and annual average concentration of PM10 were lower than the limits of grade 2 of national standard.The daily average concentration of PM10 was positively correlated with SO2,NO2 and atmospheric pressure and was negatively correlated with the daily average temperature.Increase of 10 μg/m3 of PM10 could significantly increase the daily inpatient numbers of pneumonia[OR:1.021 (95％CI:1.002-1.041)],COPD[OR:1.022(95％C1:1.004-1.040)],and the peak number of hospitalization were at lag4,lag3 based on single pollutant model,it was also observed based on double pollutants model controlling temperature,relative humidity and atmospheric pressure (P＜0.05).The health effects of PM10 were seen having gender and age specific differences.Increase of 10 μg/m3 of PM0 could significantly increase the daily inpatient numbers of pneumonia for male,and COPD for male and female after gender stratification,and pneumonia,COPD and bronchial pneumonia for all ages groups after age stratification (P＜0.05).Conclusion Short-term exposure to PM10 at low concentration may cause increase of daily inpatient numbers of respiratory diseases in Jamusi.