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目的:探讨缩宫素受体拮抗剂阿托西班在体外受精/卵胞质内单精子显微注射（n in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection， IVF/ICSI）新鲜胚胎移植周期中的应用效果分析。n 方法:选取自2016年1月至2019年12月期间在郑州大学第二附属医院生殖医学部行IVF/ICSI治疗的2349个新鲜取卵移植周期，将符合纳入条件的患者随机分成阿托西班组（1176个周期）和对照组（1173个周期），比较两组的相关指标和妊娠结局。结果:阿托西班组的胚胎种植率［50.31%（1046/2079）］、临床妊娠率［64.37%（757/1176）］、活产率［53.17%（553/1040）］明显高于对照组［39.09%（817/2090），51.32%（602/1173），41.01%（431/1051）］，差异均有统计学意义（n P均0.05）。阿托西班组的流产率［13.47%（102/757）］低于对照组［16.45%（99/602）］，但差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）。n 结论:阿托西班可以抑制子宫收缩，减少子宫蠕动，提高胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率与活产率，并不增加子代出生缺陷的风险。因此，在IVF/ICSI新鲜移植周期中应用缩宫素受体拮抗剂阿托西班可以有效改善临床结局。“,”Objective:To explore the application of oxytocin receptor antagonist atosiban in the fresh embryo transfer cycle of n in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) program.n Methods:We selected 2349 fresh embryo transfer cycles, ranging from January 2016 to December 2019 in Reproductive Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were randomly categorized into atosiban group (1176 cycles) and control group (1173 cycles). The related indicators and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:The implantation rate [50.31% (1046/2079)], the clinical pregnancy rate [64.37% (757/1176)] and the live birth rate [53.17% (553/1040)] in atosiban group were remarkably higher than those of control group [39.09% (817/2090), 51.32% (602/1173), 41.01% (431/1051)], and the differences were significant statistically (alln P0.05). Miscarriage rate of atosiban group [13.47% (102/757)] was lower than that of control group [16.44% (99/602)], but there was no significant difference (n P>0.05).n Conclusion:Atosiban could inhibit uterus contraction and peristalticus to improve implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate, and atosiban did not increase the risk of birth defect in offspring. Therefore, application of oxytocin receptor antagonist atosiban could improve the clinical outcome in the fresh embryo transfer cycle of IVF/ICSI.