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目的:防止学校结核病的暴发流行,做到对结核病的早发现、早报告、早治疗。方法:以本市所辖大、中、小、幼儿园的学生及教职工为调查对象,采手指末梢血10μl进行结核抗体检测,对初筛结核抗体阳性者进行金标确诊试验,同时进行胸部X片、查痰等。结果:共调查146所学校,18523人,检出结核抗体阳性201人。结核抗体阳性率为10·85‰,男女性差异无统计学意义;结核抗体阳性率在各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=206·64,P<0·01),以24~36岁结核抗体阳性率最高;教职工阳性检出率高于学生(P<0·01),学生高于幼儿(P<0·05)。共发现30例肺结核病人,结核患病率为162/10万,各年龄组之间结核患病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0·01),以中学生患病率最高。结论:结核病仍然是威胁广大学生的常见病,应采取多种措施,早发现、早报告、早治疗结核病人。
Purpose: To prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis epidemic in schools, so that early detection of tuberculosis, early reporting, early treatment. Methods: Taking the students, faculty and staff in large, medium and small kindergartens under the jurisdiction of the municipality as investigators, 10μl of peripheral blood of fingers were taken to test the tuberculosis antibodies, and gold standard test was performed on those with positive tuberculosis antibodies. Meanwhile, chest X Film, sputum and so on. Results: A total of 146 schools were surveyed and 18,523 were detected, of which 201 were positive for tuberculosis antibody. The positive rate of tuberculosis antibody was 10.85 ‰, there was no significant difference between male and female. The positive rate of tuberculosis antibody was statistically significant among all age groups (χ2 = 206.64, P <0.01) The positive rate of tuberculosis antibody was the highest at 36 years old. The positive rate of the staff was higher than that of the students (P <0.01) and the number of students was higher than that of the children (P <0.05). A total of 30 cases of tuberculosis were found. The prevalence of tuberculosis was 162 / 100,000. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of tuberculosis among all age groups (P <0.01), with the highest prevalence among middle school students. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is still a common disease that threatens the majority of students. Various measures should be taken to early detection, early reporting and early treatment of tuberculosis patients.