目的了解2012-2014年江西省市售婴幼儿食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染情况。方法采集全省选定的13个市县的超市、百货商场等流通环节销售的4类婴幼儿食品(谷类辅助食品、婴幼儿配方食品、罐装辅助食品和其他婴幼儿食品)样品共799份,采用国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册方法检测和鉴定蜡样芽胞杆菌。结果三年799份样品中蜡样芽胞杆菌总检出率为10.39%,2013年污染率较高为15.26%,4类食品平均阳性率由高到低分别为婴幼儿配方食品12.53%,谷物辅助食品8.77%,其他婴幼儿食品3.70%,罐装辅助食品0.00%,进一步分析得出饼干类和生制类谷物辅助食品阳性率较高,分别达到33.33%(1/3)和66.67%(2/3)。不同地区采集的样品阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(x~2=60.19,P<0.001)而不同流通环节抽取的样品差异无统计学意义(x~2=7.08,P=0.215)。结论江西省市售婴幼儿食品中存在蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染,有一定的安全隐患,相关监管部门应加强重视,预防食源性疾病的发生。 Objective To understand the contamination of Bacillus cereus in commercial infants and young children in Jiangxi Province during 2012-2014. Methods A total of 799 samples of four types of infant food (cereal auxiliary food, infant formula, canned auxiliary food and other infant food) sold in the circulation links of supermarkets, department stores and other outlets in selected 13 cities and counties of the province were collected. , Using the National Food Contamination and Hazard Risk Monitoring Manual method to detect and identify Bacillus cereus. Results The total detection rate of Bacillus cereus was 10.39% in 799 samples in three years and 15.26% in 2013. The average positive rate of four kinds of foods was 12.53% for infant formula, 8.77% of food, 3.70% of other infant food and 0.00% of canned food supplement. The further analysis showed that the positive rates of biscuit and raw food were 33.33% (1/3) and 66.67% (2) respectively / 3). There were significant differences in the positive detection rate of samples collected from different regions (x ~ 2 = 60.19, P <0.001), while there was no significant difference in the samples collected from different circulation sections (x ~ 2 = 7.08, P = 0.215). Conclusion There is some potential safety hazard of Bacillus cereus in the commercial products of infants and young children in Jiangxi Province. Relevant regulatory authorities should pay more attention to prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.