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目的了解长春市居民膳食营养状况,为营养教育和营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对644户居民970人进行家庭膳食调查,并与中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)比较,分析营养素摄入达标状况。结果长春市居民每日人均能量摄入为2 212.78 kcal,占推荐摄入量(RNIs)的96.21%。蛋白质摄入量为46.42 g/d,占推荐摄入量(RNI)的77.37%,农村高于城区;脂肪摄入量为135.02 g/d,硫胺素和核黄素摄入量分别占RNIs的47.15%和63.57%;钙、磷、铁摄入量分别为161.90 mg/d、609.90 mg/d和8.49 mg/d,分别为RNIs的20.24%、87.13%和56.60%。城市蛋白质、碳水化合物来源以粮谷类为主,农村蛋白质、脂肪则以动物类为主。B1、B2硫胺素和Ca摄入量偏低。结论长春市居民主要营养素摄入量基本满足人体需要,加强居民合理营养、平衡膳食的宣传教育,预防营养相关疾病发病率上升,加强饮食指导是提高当前城乡居民营养水平的重要措施之一。
Objective To understand the dietary nutrition of residents in Changchun and provide scientific basis for nutrition education and nutrition improvement. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 970 644 residents in a family diet and compared with the reference intake of dietary nutrients (DRIs) of Chinese residents to analyze the status of nutrient intake compliance. Results The per capita energy intake of residents in Changchun City was 2 212.78 kcal per day, accounting for 96.21% of the recommended intake (RNIs). The protein intake was 46.42 g / d, accounting for 77.37% of the recommended intake (RNI), higher in urban areas than in urban areas; the fat intake was 135.02 g / d, and the intake of thiamine and riboflavin accounted for RNIs 47.15% and 63.57% respectively. The intake of calcium, phosphorus and iron were 161.90 mg / d, 609.90 mg / d and 8.49 mg / d respectively, accounting for 20.24%, 87.13% and 56.60% of RNIs respectively. Urban protein, carbohydrate sources mainly grain, rural protein, fat, animal-based. B1, B2 Thiamine and Ca intake is low. Conclusion The main nutrient intake of residents in Changchun basically meet the needs of the human body, strengthen residents’ reasonable nutrition, balance the publicity and education of the diet, and prevent the incidence of nutrition-related diseases from rising. Strengthening dietary guidance is one of the important measures to improve the nutritional level of urban and rural residents.