论文部分内容阅读
目的评价出厂水水质卫生状况,掌握影响水质的主要指标,探索主成分分析方法在水质综合评价中的应用,为更好地进行水质监测提供理论依据。方法采用主成分分析方法对北方某市2013-2014年集中式供水出厂水的水质进行综合评价。结果相关系数矩阵显示,溶解性总固体与氯化物和钠高度相关;总硬度与硝酸盐和耗氧量存在较高的相关性;氟化物与钠和pH存在较高的相关性;微生物指标之间高度相关。提取的6个主成分累积方差贡献率为86.159%,影响本市水质的主要指标分别为第一主成分中的硝酸盐、总硬度和耗氧量,第二主成分的菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌,第三主成分的氟化物、pH和钼,第四主成分的氯化物和硼,第五主成分的氨氮,第六主成分的色度。主成分综合得分显示水厂41的出厂水水质最好,水厂33的出厂水水质相对较差。结论主成分分析方法是一种较好的水质综合评价的多元统计方法,相关部门应针对影响水质的主要指标和水质相对较差的水厂,采取有效措施,加强监测,加强监督管理,确保居民饮水卫生安全。
Objective To evaluate the status of factory water quality and hygiene, grasp the main indexes that affect water quality, explore the application of principal component analysis in water quality comprehensive evaluation, and provide a theoretical basis for better water quality monitoring. Methods The principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the water quality of the centralized water supply in a certain city in North China from 2013 to 2014. Results The correlation coefficient matrix showed that total dissolved solids were highly correlated with chloride and sodium; total hardness was correlated with nitrate and oxygen consumption; fluoride with sodium and pH were highly correlated; Highly related. The cumulative variance of the six principal components extracted was 86.159%. The main indexes affecting the water quality of the city were nitrate, total hardness and oxygen consumption of the first principal component, total number of colonies of the second principal component, total coliforms Group, heat-resistant coliforms and Escherichia coli, fluoride of the third principal component, pH and molybdenum, chloride and boron of the fourth principal component, ammonia nitrogen of the fifth principal component, and chromaticity of the sixth principal component. The composite score of the main components shows that the water quality of the factory 41 is the best, and that of the factory 33 is relatively poor. Conclusion The principal component analysis method is a good multivariate statistical method for comprehensive evaluation of water quality. Relevant departments should take effective measures to strengthen monitoring, strengthen supervision and management and ensure that residents, in line with the main indicators affecting water quality and water plants with relatively poor water quality Health and safety of drinking water.