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最近40年来,从空气中提取钢铁工业和化学工业需要的氧气和氮气的装置经历了重大变化。早些时候,大约在1930年左右,小型气体装置在英国就开始被液体设备所取代。液态空气产品的体积很小,因而其贮运成本较低。这些液化装置又逐渐被装于大型钢厂附近的大型气体装置所代替,或成为拥有液化装置的一种综合化工流程的一部份,以满足那些运输费用仍然很高的大量中等用户的需要。
In the last 40 years, installations that extract the oxygen and nitrogen needed by the steel industry and the chemical industry from air have undergone significant changes. Earlier, around 1930, small gas installations were replaced by liquid equipment in the United Kingdom. The volume of liquid air products is small, so its storage and transportation costs are lower. These liquefaction units are gradually being replaced by large gas units installed near large steel mills or as part of an integrated chemical process with liquefaction units to meet the needs of a large number of medium-sized users whose transportation costs are still high.