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上古时有山川守文化和社稷守文化的不同；前者具有浪漫奇幻色彩，多关注天人关系；后者具有尚实重用特点，多注重人际关系。这种不同导源于各自原始崇拜的文化精神差异，两种文化都对后世产生了深远影响：《山海经》、《老子》、《庄子》等作品中可见山川守文化影响，《春秋》、《论语》、《孟子》等作品中可见社稷守文化的影响。战国后期起两种文化渐趋融合。两种文化的影响更多地积淀在对人们思维方式的影响中，从而对中国传统文化产生着久远的影响。
In ancient times there was the difference between keeping culture of mountains and rivers and preserving the culture of the camp. The former was romantic and fantastic. It was more concerned with the relationship between man and nature. The latter had the characteristics of being reusable and paying more attention to interpersonal relationships. The differences between the two cultures lead to far-reaching influences on later generations. The works of Shan Hai Jing, Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi show that the culture of mountains and valleys is influenced by the culture. The culture of Spring and Autumn, The Analects of Confucius “,” Mencius "and other works can be seen in the influence of Shouwen culture. After the Warring States period, the two cultures gradually converged. The influence of the two cultures accumulates more in the way they affect people’s ways of thinking and thus has a long-lasting impact on Chinese traditional culture.