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目的:研究贵州地区栽培及野生半夏丛枝菌根及丛枝菌根真菌。方法:通过染色镜检法观察栽培及野生半夏根系,通过湿筛-蔗糖离心法分离半夏根围土壤中丛枝菌根真菌孢子,并对照Schenck & Pérez及一些近期分类文献的描述,鉴定到种。结果:半夏具有典型丛枝菌根结构,从贵州省6个野生及栽培半夏根围土壤采集地中共分离到隶属3属的21种丛枝菌根真菌孢子,鉴定到种的有隶属3属的7种,其中球囊霉属5种,巨孢囊霉属1种,盾巨孢囊霉属1种,分别是摩西球囊霉、根内球囊霉、沙漠球囊霉、黑色球囊霉、聚丛球囊霉、白色巨孢囊霉、粟色盾巨孢囊霉。其中粟色盾巨孢囊霉为我国新纪录种,且为毕节地区栽培半夏的优势种。结论:贵州省野生及栽培半夏中丛枝菌根真菌具有丰富多样性,孢子种类、优势种均差异较大,如白色球囊霉仅出现于栽培半夏根围土壤中,黑色球囊霉仅出现于野生半夏根围土壤中,而摩西球囊霉和根内球囊霉在2种土壤中均有出现,且毕节地区半夏根围土壤中有专属性较强的丛枝菌根真菌,可为栽培半夏退化提供新的研究思路。
Objective: To study the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cultivated and wild Pinellia ternata in Guizhou Province. METHODS: The cultivated and wild Pinellia ternata lines were observed by staining microscopy and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores were isolated by wet sieving-sucrose centrifugation and compared with Schenck & Perez and some recent taxonomic descriptions To species. Results: Pinellia ternate had the typical arbuscular mycorrhizal structure, and 21 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores belonging to 3 genera were isolated from the soil collected from 6 wild and cultivated Pinellia ternata in Guizhou Province. 7 species belonging to the genus, including 5 species of the genus Glomus, 1 species of the giant genus Neurospora, 1 species of the genus Sphingogaster, respectively, Glomus mosseae, root globular mold, desert glomus, black ball Gum mold, polygamy globulinum, Giantosporangium, Su scorpion giant cyst. Among them, Aspergillus suumensis was the new record species in China and the dominant species for cultivating Pinellia ternata in Bijie. CONCLUSION: The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in wild and cultivated Pinellia ternata in Guizhou Province are rich in diversity. The spore species and dominant species are quite different. For example, the white globular mold occurs only in the soil of the cultivated Pinellia ternata, Only appeared in the soil of the rhizosphere of the wild Pinellia ternata, while Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraglobacter appeared in both soils, and the arbuscular mycorrhizas Fungi, can provide a new research idea for the cultivation of Pinellia degeneration.