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一、概述流行性感冒(流感)是由流感病毒引起的一种患病率高,流行广泛,传播迅速的急性病毒性呼吸道传染病,它的普遍性和严重性不容人们所忽视。流感病毒的变异性很难控制,这使得流感经常造成流行和暴发。据记载,20世纪全球爆发过四次流感,其中1918年“西班牙流感”导致2000多万人死亡,超过了第二次世界大战阵亡人数。在普通年度,全球每年约有5亿人受到流感的侵扰。目前预防流感的主要方法是疫苗接种。但由于流感病毒的抗原变异,上一次流感发病期间所用的疫苗往往对下一次流感
First, an overview of influenza (influenza) is caused by the influenza virus is a high prevalence, widespread, rapid transmission of acute viral respiratory diseases, its universality and seriousness can not be ignored. The variability of the flu virus is hard to control, which makes the flu often cause epidemics and outbreaks. According to records, there were four influenza outbreaks in the world in the 20th century, of which 1918 “Spanish flu” led to more than 20 million deaths, more than the number of World War II casualties. In a normal year, about 500 million people worldwide are hacked each year by the flu. Currently the main method of preventing flu is vaccination. However, due to the antigenic variation of the influenza virus, the vaccine used during the last flu episode often affects the next flu