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对改革开放以来中国法律体系变迁根源的探讨,通常遵循国家主义的认识论,即国家意志主导甚至决定了法律体系变迁的所有方面。这种认识论虽然能够较好说明改革开放初期法律体系在中国的再造,但是未能全面把握当前的复杂情况。本文以律师职业在改革开放时期的变迁为例,利用定量数据和实证方法说明国家、市场和社会对法律体系的多重动态影响,提出法律变迁的“结构性制约”理论框架。改革开放以来中国法律体系变迁已逐步由国家主导的格局,演变成国家、市场、社会和法律体系之间相互直接和间接影响的格局。
The discussion of the root causes of the change of Chinese legal system since the reform and opening up generally follows the epistemology of nationalism, that is, the will of the state dominates and even determines all aspects of the change of the legal system. Although this epistemology can better explain the reform of the legal system in China during the initial stage of reform and opening up, it can not fully grasp the current complex situation. Taking the change of lawyer ’s occupation during the period of reform and opening up as an example, this paper uses the quantitative data and empirical methods to illustrate the multiple dynamic impacts of the state, market and society on the legal system and puts forward the theoretical framework of “structural restraint” of legal changes. Since the reform and opening up, the change of China’s legal system has gradually evolved from a state-led pattern to a direct and indirect influence on the state, market, society and legal system.