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清朝中后期,经济结构的变化使统治阶级对富人的评价发生了明显的变化,一些官员、士大夫提出了“保富民”的思想,其中最具代表性的就是刘衡。他不仅作了理论上的论述,而且在实践中身体力行,采取措施禁止差役勒索富民,以达到救济贫民、维护社会稳定的目的,在当时产生了较大的影响,成为官员治理地方的重要参考。“保富民”思想虽然源自儒家,但是刘衡的许多观点和措施实际上却深受法家的影响。
In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, changes in economic structure led to a marked change in the ruling class’s appraisal of the rich. Some officials and scholar-officials proposed the idea of “protecting the rich and the people”, of which the most representative is Liu Heng. He not only made a theoretical exposition, but also practiced his own practice and took measures to prohibit his staff from extortion and enriching the people in order to achieve the goal of helping the poor and safeguarding social stability. At that time, he had a great influence and became an important reference for officials to govern localities. Although the idea of “keeping the people rich and enriching people” originated from Confucianism, many of Liu Heng’s views and measures are actually influenced by legalists.