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[目的]了解旅客列车空气质量状况,为制定相关措施提供依据。[方法]2007年1月至2010年5月对济南铁路局96列192节空调旅客列车车厢空气进行检测分析。[结果]合计检测96列车192节车厢,各指标合格率,二氧化碳(CO2)、可吸入颗粒物(IP)、细菌总数、甲醛开车前为88.54%、88.54%、90.63%、95.83%,开车后为78.13%、76.56%、75.00%、90.63%(P<0.05);风速、一氧化碳(CO)开车前为95.83%、89.58%,开车后为91.67%、78.13%(P>0.05)。风速、CO、CO2、甲醛冬季为93.14%、88.24%、80.39%、92.16%,夏季为90.00%、78.89%、75.56%、88.89%(P<0.05)。各指标检测值,风速、CO2、COI、P、细菌总数、甲醛均为开车后高于开车前(P<0.05);CO、CO2、甲醛、细菌总数冬季高于夏季(P<0.05);硬座车厢与卧铺车厢,一等座与二等座差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]济南铁路局旅客列车总体状况较好,夏季、开车后污染物浓度较高。
[Objective] To understand the air quality status of passenger trains and provide the basis for formulating relevant measures. [Method] From January 2007 to May 2010, the air quality of 192 train air-conditioned passenger trains in 96 sections of Jinan Railway Bureau was tested and analyzed. [Result] A total of 192 carriages of 96 trains were detected, the pass rate of each index, carbon dioxide (CO2), inhalable particles (IP) and bacteria were all detected. Formaldehyde was 88.54%, 88.54%, 90.63% and 95.83% 78.13%, 76.56%, 75.00% and 90.63% respectively (P <0.05). The wind speed and carbon monoxide (CO) were 95.83% and 89.58% before driving and 91.67% and 78.13% respectively after driving. The wind speed, CO, CO2 and formaldehyde were 93.14%, 88.24%, 80.39% and 92.16% in winter and 90.00%, 78.89%, 75.56% and 88.89% respectively in summer (P <0.05). The values of CO 2, CO 2, formaldehyde and bacteria in winter were higher than those in summer (P <0.05), while the hardness, CO 2, COI, P, total bacteria and formaldehyde were all higher after driving (P <0.05) There was no significant difference between first-class seat and second-class seat compartment and sleeper compartment (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The overall status of passenger trains in Jinan Railway Bureau is better. In summer, the concentration of pollutants after driving is higher.