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目的观察不同强度的体外低频低强度超声对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法将新西兰大白兔按照高脂饮食加空气干燥法建立颈动脉粥样硬化模型,随后随机分成正常对照组(对照组,6只)和4个超声组(每组6只),4个超声组根据超声的强度和时间分别为A组(0．5 W/cm~2,5 min/d)、B组(0．5 W/cm~2,10 min/d)、C组(1 W/cm~2,5 min/d)和D组(1 W/cm~2,10 min/d),超声作用每日1次,20 d之后取颈动脉手术部位做病理切片。分别用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)染色和末端脱氧核酸转移酶介导的脱氧三磷酸尿苷(dUTP)-生物素平移末端标记法(TUNEL)染色分析血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖和凋亡情况,并计算细胞增殖率(PCNA%)和细胞凋亡率(TUNEL%)。结果各超声组颈动脉内膜内PCNA阳性细胞率较对照组有不同程度的减少,其中B、C、D组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)；各超声组颈动脉内膜中TUNEL阳性细胞率较对照组有不同程度增加,其中B、C、D组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。B、C、D组相互比较PCNA%和TUNEL%,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论体外低频低强度(0．5 W/cm~2,10 min/d)超声具有明显诱导家兔颈动脉粥样硬化血管平滑肌细胞凋亡和抑制增殖的作用。
Objective To observe the effects of low intensity and low intensity ultrasonography of different intensities on the proliferation and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Methods New Zealand white rabbits were divided into normal control group (control group, 6 rats), 4 ultrasound groups (6 rats in each group), 4 ultrasound groups According to the intensity and time of ultrasound in group A (0.5 W / cm ~ 2,5 min / d), group B (0.5 W / cm ~ 2,10 min / d) cm ~ 2, 5 min / d) and D group (1 W / cm ~ 2, 10 min / d). The rats were treated with ultrasound once a day. Proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were analyzed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-TUNEL staining. Cell proliferation rate (PCNA%) and apoptosis rate (TUNEL%) were calculated. Results The carotid artery intima of PCNA-positive cells in each ultrasound group had different degrees of reduction compared with the control group, and there was significant difference between B, C, D group and control group (P <0.05) The rate of TUNEL-positive cells in arterial intima increased more than that in control group, and there was significant difference between B, C, D group and control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in PCNA% and TUNEL% between groups B, C and D (P> 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound at low frequency and low intensity (0.5 W / cm ~ 2, 10 min / d) can significantly induce the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibit the proliferation of carotid atherosclerosis in rabbits.