论文部分内容阅读
基于数字高程模型(DEM)中提取流域水系是分布式水文模拟的基础与关键。然而由于DEM存在分辨率的限制和误差,而且一个流域水系河网的形成是该流域范围内的多种自然和人为因素的共同结果,并非仅取决于空间高程分布,因而由此提取出来的河网往往和真实河流分布有一定的差距。本文选择山东沂沭河流域的临沂子流域为试验区,基于该地区100米分辨率的DEM提取该流域的河网。在提取河网的过程中,引入了该地区的河道矢量图层,对主要河流进行河道强迫,通过基于高程的修正和基于流向的修正两类方法理念,利用若干不同的强迫方案,在试验流域DEM数据的基础上进行强迫作用下的河网提取。通过比较并分析不同方案的强迫效果,证明了强迫作用能使得提取的流域水系更加接近于真实河道。在本文的试验中,TauDEM模型的强迫方案2取得了最好的强迫效果。文章的最后提出了对湖泊水库强迫的一些思考和想法。
Extracting water system of river basin based on digital elevation model (DEM) is the foundation and key of distributed hydrological simulation. However, due to the limitation of resolution and error of DEM, and the formation of river basins in a river basin is the common result of a variety of natural and man-made factors in the river basin, it is not only determined by the space elevation distribution, The net often has a certain gap with the real river distribution. In this paper, the Linyi sub-catchment of Yishu River Basin in Shandong Province was chosen as the experimental area, and the river network of the basin was extracted based on the DEM with a resolution of 100 meters in this area. In the process of extracting river network, the river vector layers in the area were introduced to enforce the river forcing the main rivers. Based on the concepts of elevation-based correction and flow-based correction, a number of different forcing schemes were used in the experimental watershed DEM data based on forced river network extraction. By comparing and analyzing the forced effects of different schemes, it is proved that forcing can make the extracted river system closer to the real river. In the experiment of this paper, the forced solution 2 of TauDEM model achieved the best forcing effect. At the end of the article, some suggestions and ideas forcing lake reservoirs are put forward.