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自由主义民主理论所提出的代议民主制因突破了现代民族国家地域和人口的限制而成为现代民主制的实践形式,而当代美国民主理论家佩特曼对这种主流民主形式提出了质疑,力图恢复参与和自治的民主理想,为此,她提出了从工业领域的参与到社会政治参与扩展的新思路,从而将非参与的代议民主推向参与民主的新阶段。当然,佩特曼的参与式民主理论中有关参与的条件、高层次部分参与的可行性以及工业参与向参与型社会的扩展等问题,也面临着诸多挑战,参与式民主制如何在实践中有效运行,还有待进一步探讨。
The representative democratic system proposed by the theory of liberal democracy has become the practical form of modern democracy because it has exceeded the limits of the geographical and population of the modern nation-state. However, contemporary American democratic theorist Pateman has challenged this form of mainstream democracy, Trying to restore the democratic ideal of participation and self-government. To this end, she proposed new ideas from the participation in the industrial field to the expansion of social and political participation so as to push the non-participating representative democracy toward a new stage of participation in democracy. Of course, Pateman’s participatory democracy theory also faces many challenges such as the conditions of participation, the feasibility of high-level participation, and the expansion of industrial participation in a participatory society. How does participatory democracy work in practice? Run, still need to be further explored.