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研究了黔西南典型 Au-As-Hg-Tl矿化区内毒害金属元素在采矿活动和自然状态影响下的水地球化学特征及其环境效应。结果表明，已开采的 Hg-Tl矿区地下水和地表水中均有很高的毒害金属元素，煤采区地下水中亦表现出类似的特征，而 Hg-Tl矿区外围地下水中金属元素保持在较低的水平。 Hg-Tl矿区地表水中 As和 Tl的分布模式表明，其含量的变化受矿区地下水排泄和尾矿淋滤作用的控制。在尚未开采的金矿区，浅层地下水中金属元素的含量没有明显的富集，尚未构成环境问题。采矿活动扰动下的地下水和暴露于地表的尾矿及矿山废物是水中毒害金属元素的主要来源，水环境研究对采矿活动造成的环境影响具有良好的指示效果。
The water geochemical characteristics and environmental effects of toxic metals in the typical Au-As-Hg-Tl mineralized area in southwestern Guizhou Province under the influence of mining activities and natural conditions were studied. The results show that both the groundwater and surface water of the mined Hg-Tl mine have high poisonous metal elements, and the groundwater in the coal mining area also shows similar characteristics, while the metal elements in the groundwater outside the Hg-Tl mine area remain relatively low Level. The distribution patterns of As and Tl in the surface water of Hg-Tl mining area show that the change of their contents is controlled by groundwater discharge and tailings leaching in the mining area. In the unexplored gold mining areas, the content of metal elements in shallow groundwater is not obviously enriched and has not yet caused environmental problems. Groundwater and surface mine tailings and mine waste, which are disturbed by mining activities, are the main sources of metal elements in water poisoning. The study of water environment has a good indication of the environmental impact caused by mining activities.