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土壤侵蚀系统是一个典型的非线性动力系统,系统内部的侵蚀发育演化过程十分复杂,为了对该过程进行精确的模拟和预测,需要发展有效的技术和方法。元胞自动机(cellular automata,CA)是一种具有时空特征的离散动力学模型,采用“自下而上”的构模方式,对于模拟和分析具有空间特征的土壤侵蚀系统具有先天优势。由于空间尺度变化所引起的土壤侵蚀因子对侵蚀产沙过程的影响不同,CA模型在坡面尺度下主要针对细沟侵蚀和土壤颗粒的变化,在小流域尺度下涉及到更多的元胞状态和更加完整的侵蚀过程,在大区域尺度下重点研究气候和地貌之间的相互作用。不同空间尺度建立的CA模型没有确定的转换规则,模型通用性较低,今后需要在三维可视化、智能化等方面深入研究CA模型在土壤侵蚀领域的应用。
Soil erosion system is a typical nonlinear dynamical system. The process of erosion evolution in the system is very complicated. In order to accurately simulate and predict this process, effective techniques and methods need to be developed. Cellular automata (CA) is a discrete dynamic model with spatio-temporal features. It uses a “bottom-up” modeling approach, which has the inherent advantage of simulating and analyzing a soil erosion system with spatial characteristics . Due to the different effects of soil erosion factors on the process of soil erosion and sediment yield due to the spatial scale changes, the CA model is mainly aimed at the erosion of rill and the change of soil particles at the slope scale, and more cellular states are involved in the small watershed scale And a more complete erosion process, focusing on the interactions between climate and geomorphology at a large regional scale. The CA model established on different spatial scales has no definite conversion rules and the model has low universality. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the application of CA model in the field of soil erosion in terms of three-dimensional visualization and intelligence in the future.