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收入差距扩大问题成为我国当前严重的社会和经济问题,本文利用我国内地30个省(市)1994-2008年的数据,研究我国在分税制背景下,地方政府与人力资本相关的公共产品供给对地区收入差距的影响。本文发现,人力资本在提高人均收入时依赖于物质资本存量水平,只有人均物质资本存量水平较高时,政府增加与人力资本相关的公共产品供给才能显著提高人均收入;由于劳动力具有流动性,地区存在一个最小的人均物质资本存量水平,超过这一水平的地区可以分享邻近地区提供的与人力资本相关的公共产品,以提高当地的人均收入,而低于这一水平的地区却不能够。为缩小地区收入差距,我国应改革地方政府支出责任与受益性不匹配的税制问题,中央政府和经济发达的地方政府应当承担更多与人力资本相关的公共产品供给责任。
The issue of expanding the income gap has become a serious social and economic issue in our country. This essay makes use of the data of 30 provinces (cities) in China from 1994 to 2008 to study the influence of local government on the supply of public goods related to human capital in the background of tax-sharing system. The impact of income disparity. This paper finds that human capital relies on the level of physical capital stock in increasing per capita income. Only when the stock of physical capital per capita is high, the government can increase the per capita income by increasing the supply of public goods related to human capital. Because of the mobility of labor, There is a minimum level of stock of physical capital per capita, beyond which it is possible to share the human capital-related public goods provided by neighboring areas in order to increase local per capita income, while areas below this level are not able. In order to narrow the income gap in our region, we should reform the tax system that does not match the responsibility and benefit of the local government. The central government and economically developed local governments should assume more responsibility for the supply of public goods related to human capital.