淋巴结转移的生物学各期别的肿瘤均可沿淋巴途径转移,瘤细胞先穿过基底膜、然后经结缔组织间隙发生转移。肿瘤间质高压导致渗出,将瘤细胞送往毛细淋巴管,或沿一条优先途径,瘤细胞与淋巴内皮接触,穿过内皮屏障沿淋巴干流动,在淋巴窦内停留并生长,在内皮细胞间移动和/或破坏内皮,在淋巴结间质中增殖后播散至下站淋巴结,这时淋巴结尚未破坏。瘤细胞或在局部经淋巴或静脉入血,或经淋巴链至胸导管后入血。对上述过程的了解很少来自人体研究。淋巴转移动物模型与人的情况相差甚远,但有 The lymph nodes metastasis can be metastasized along the lymphatic pathways. The tumor cells first pass through the basement membrane and then transfer through the connective tissue space. The tumor interstitial hypertension leads to exudation, the tumor cells are sent to the lymphatic capillaries, or along a preferential pathway, the neoplastic cells come into contact with the lymphatic endothelium, flow through the endothelial barrier along the lymphatic trunk, stay in the lymphatic sinus and grow in the endothelial cells. By moving and/or destroying the endothelium, the endothelium proliferates in the interstitial lymph nodes and spreads to the next station lymph nodes, at which point the lymph nodes have not been destroyed. Tumor cells either enter the blood either locally via lymphatic or venous or enter the blood after passing through the lymphatic chain to the thoracic duct. The knowledge of the above process rarely comes from human studies. The animal model of lymph node metastases is far from human, but there are