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以涑水河流域所经过的六个县为例,基于DEM数据、土壤图,运用GIS提取了不同地貌下的土壤分类图,并采用Fragstats软件,计算出土壤多样性、丰富度、均匀度指数,分析土壤类型的分布特征。以土壤类型为标准对土壤多样性进行了分析研究,讨论了不同地形地貌土壤多样性状况。结果表明:土壤丰富度指数从高到低依次为丘陵、平原、洼地、低山区、中山区、高山区,土壤丰富度指数与海拔的变化呈抛物线状态,与面积变化趋势不一致;在平原和丘陵区引起成土因素的变化较其它地貌多,土壤丰富度指数最高;多样性指数从高到低依次为平原、洼地、高山区、丘陵、中山区、低山区;均匀度指数从高到低依次为高山区、洼地、平原、中山区、丘陵、低山区,土壤多样性指数与均匀度指数的变化趋势不一致。
Taking six counties in Huangshui River basin as an example, the soil taxonomic maps of different landforms were extracted based on DEM data and soil maps. Fragstats software was used to calculate the soil diversity, richness and evenness index , Analyze the distribution characteristics of soil types. Soil type was taken as the standard to analyze and study the soil diversity. The status of soil diversity under different topography and landform was discussed. The results showed that: the soil richness index from high to low was in the order of hilly, plain, depression, low mountain, mid-mountain and high mountainous area. The change of soil abundance index and altitude showed a parabola, which was inconsistent with the trend of area change. The change of soil-forming factors in the area was more than that in other landforms, and the highest in soil richness index. The order of diversity index was plains, depressions, high mountains, hills, middle mountains and low mountains in descending order; For high mountain area, depression, plain, Zhongshan area, hilly area and low mountain area, the change trend of soil diversity index and evenness index are inconsistent.