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Through the establishment mathematical model and experimental verification, the course of blunting of hard alloy cutter blade for cutting chemical fiber have been studied. The result shows that the cutter blade sharpness would be greatly reduced in the course of fiber cutting as the initial edge radius and edge angle, the linear wear, and the notch depth of cutter blade are increased. The blunting of cutter blade in the course of fiber cutting can be divided into four stages. The reducing degree of the sharpness is different in different stages. The linear wear of cutter blade is almost negligible. The blunting of the cutter blade is directly related to the depth of notches generated on the cutting edge. The deeper the notch, the more the cutter blade sharpness would be decreased.