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[目的]分析昆明蚕豆气候因子适宜性。[方法]该研究结合昆明蚕豆生理生态特征,建立了温度、降水和日照对蚕豆生长发育的适宜度模型,进而分析气象条件的适宜程度。[结果]多年平均气候条件下,在蚕豆整个生育期内,温度和日照适宜度总体较高,降水适宜度较低,开花结荚期温度较低和降水不足是蚕豆产量形成的限制因子。对2013年蚕豆气象因子适宜度分析表明,2013年蚕豆温度适宜度和日照适宜度总体较高。降水适宜度除苗期在0.6以上外,其余生育期的水分适宜度都较低。[结论]2013年蚕豆在整个生育期中综合气象条件为中等偏上水平。作物气候适宜度模型能客观反映气象条件对作物生长发育的适宜程度,可为提高气象服务质量提供了依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the suitability of climate factor of broad bean in Kunming. [Method] Based on the physiological and ecological characteristics of broad bean in Kunming, the study established a suitability model for growth and development of broad bean under the conditions of temperature, precipitation and sunlight, and then analyzed the suitability of weather conditions. [Result] Under the conditions of multi-year average climatic conditions, during the whole growth period of faba bean, temperature and sunshine suitability were higher, and the suitable degree of precipitation was lower. The lower temperature and lower precipitation during flowering and podding stage were the limiting factors for the formation of faba bean. The analysis of the fitness of 2013 meadows meteorological factors showed that the broad bean temperature suitability and sunshine suitability were high in 2013. Precipitation appropriate addition to the seedling more than 0.6, the rest of the growing season of water adaptability are low. [Conclusion] The comprehensive meteorological conditions of broad bean during the whole growth period in 2013 were upper-middle level. Crop climate suitability model can objectively reflect the suitability of meteorological conditions for crop growth and development, which can provide the basis for improving meteorological service quality.