急性淋巴细胞性白血病的治疗和护理均较复杂。我院于1973年～1984年共收治81例,现将护理方面的体会报告如下。 一、各种主要症状的观察和护理 (一) 发热与感染 本病粒细胞减少,加上强烈的化疗作用,使正常白细胞更趋减少,免疫力降低,易引起感染。长期应用各种抗菌素还可能继发霉菌感染。有的病人可表现不同程度的发热,体温由37℃到40℃。本组病例中,以发热为主诉而就诊的有39例。对这些病人要注意观察皮肤、粘膜,了解有无腹痛,排尿痛等消化系统及泌尿系统的感染症状。并做好皮肤、口腔、肛门等处的护理。 (二) 出血 ①皮肤出血:常见的是皮肤紫癜,本组有19例发生皮肤出血,出现紫癜、瘀斑及出血点。应密切观察,做完各种穿刺处置后要注意压迫止血,并避免外伤。②鼻衄轻微的鼻衄较易处理,出血过多可能导致休克。要注意询问和观察血是从 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and care are more complicated. In our hospital from 1973 to 1984, a total of 81 cases were treated, now the nursing experience report is as follows. First, the observation and care of a variety of main symptoms (A) fever and infection The reduction of granulosa cells, coupled with the strong role of chemotherapy, so that the normal white blood cells to reduce, reduce immunity, easily lead to infection. Long-term use of various antibiotics may also be secondary to mold infection. Some patients may show varying degrees of fever, body temperature from 37 ℃ to 40 ℃. In this group of patients, the main complaint of fever and treatment of 39 cases. Of these patients should pay attention to observe the skin, mucous membranes, to understand whether the abdominal pain, urination pain and other digestive and urinary tract infections. And do a good job in the skin, mouth, anus and other care. (B) bleeding ① skin hemorrhage: common skin purpura, the group had 19 cases of skin bleeding, purpura, ecchymosis and bleeding points. Should be closely observed, after doing a variety of puncture treatment should pay attention to oppression to stop bleeding and avoid trauma. ② epistaxis rhinoplasty slightly easier handling, excessive bleeding may lead to shock. Pay attention to ask and observe the blood is from