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作为转变经济发展方式的重要组成部分,传统产业转型升级的一个基本途径是将高技术成果引入传统产业,即实现传统产业的高技术化。我国学术与政策主流对这一问题的基本观点是以高新技术改造传统产业,通过信息化手段实现装备升级。本文以车用柴油机工业过去四十年的技术进步为例,说明上述主流观点的片面性。本文认为,与被动地等待装备升级相比,自主的产品开发使传统产业的技术进步具有了充分的内生性特征和渐进性特征,并因此成为传统产业高技术化的主要方式和关键环节。基于这一理论立场,文章最后归纳了我国传统产业高技术化面临的形势及相关政策启示。
As an important part of transforming the economic development mode, one of the basic approaches to the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is to introduce high-tech achievements into traditional industries, that is, to realize the high-techization of traditional industries. The basic viewpoint of our country on the mainstream of academic and policy issues on this issue is to upgrade the traditional industries through high-tech and upgrade the equipment through information technology. In this paper, the technical progress of the automotive diesel engine industry over the past 40 years is taken as an example to illustrate the one-sidedness of the above mainstream viewpoints. This paper argues that, compared with the passive upgrading of equipment, autonomous product development has made the technological progress of traditional industries fully endogenous and gradual. Therefore, it has become the main method and key link of the high technology of traditional industries. Based on this theoretical position, the article concludes the situation of China’s traditional industries and the enlightenment of relevant policies.