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目的提高脊髓灰质炎强化免疫的接种率,进一步消除免疫空白人群(特别是流动儿童),来阻断疫苗衍生株病毒的传播。方法根据例年脊髓灰质炎疫苗强化方案,确定服苗对象,于当年的12月和次年的1月进行两轮强化服苗,比较历年两轮强化服苗接种率,采用相对比和卡方检验,对流动儿童和常住儿童强化服苗应服苗人数进行比较。结果从这5年OPV强化情况来看,两轮强化服苗接种率均在95%上下波动。每年强化免疫流动儿童应服人数显著大于常住儿童应服人数。从2006年开始,两轮应服人数流动儿童所占的比例逐年上升。通过4年的基础免疫和强化服苗,到2008年常住和流动儿童应服苗数显著减少。结论要提高两轮脊髓灰质炎强化服苗率,特别是针对流动儿童,要将基础免疫和强化免疫相结合,在提高常规基础免疫接种率的同时,把强化免疫活动看作常规免疫的一个重要补充。
Objective To improve the immunization rate of poliomyelitis and further eliminate the immune blank population (especially floating children), to block the spread of vaccine-derived virus. Methods According to the plan of strengthening the annual poliovirus vaccine, the object of clothing seedlings was identified. Two rounds of intensive service taking were conducted in December of the current year and January of the next year. The vaccination rates of two rounds of intensified vaccine were compared. The relative ratio and the chi square test , On the floating children and children living in general should take the number of clothes should be served by vaccine comparison. Results From the five years of OPV enhancement situation, the two rounds of intensified vaccine coverage rates were 95% fluctuation. The number of children serving intensive immunization should be significantly larger than that of resident children each year. Since 2006, the proportion of children in two rounds of serving should increase year by year. After 4 years of basic immunization and strengthening of vaccine, the number of children in regular and mobile shelter will be significantly reduced by 2008. CONCLUSIONS: In order to increase the polio rate of two rounds of polio, the combination of basic immunization and intensive immunization, especially for migrant children, should be considered as an important routine immunization while improving routine basic immunization rates supplement.