世界银行学院研究小组对国内的经济社会发展问题作了充分的研究,并最终于12月初发布了题为《中国与知识经济:把握21世纪》的研究报告。 报告认为我国现阶段正面临就业、保持持续的高增长、收入差距扩大和环境恶化的挑战。 第一,失业的巨大压力和创造就业的重负。 中国劳动力人口占世界总量的26％,这就决定了中国将面临持续的就业压力。而经济增长模式转变和经济结构战略调整又加重这个问题。经济增长的实质一是不断提高劳动生产率:二是劳动力由低生产率部门向高生产率部门转移。中国不仅就业压力重,而且劳动生产率低下,低劳动生产率就业比重过高,进一步的经济转型将进一步加大就业压力。 第二,经过了20年的高增长后中国能否和如何 The research team of the World Bank Institute fully studied the domestic economic and social development issues and eventually released a research report titled “China and the Knowledge Economy: Grasping the 21st Century” in early December. The report believes that at this stage our country is facing the challenge of employment, maintaining sustained high growth, widening income gap and deteriorating environment. First, the enormous pressure of unemployment and the burden of job creation. China’s labor force accounts for 26% of the world total, which determines that China will face continuous employment pressure. The problem of shifting economic growth mode and adjusting economic structure strategy aggravate this issue. The essence of economic growth is to constantly raise labor productivity: the second is the transfer of labor from the low-productivity department to the high-productivity department. China not only has heavy employment pressure, but also low labor productivity, too high a share of low-labor productivity employment and further economic restructuring will further increase employment pressure. Second, after 20 years of high growth China can and will not