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基流分割研究是水文学、生态水文学研究的重点和难点之一,一直以来在其概念与方法上都缺乏统一的标准.本文详细介绍了基于不同基流组成定义的基流分割理论,并分析了各基流分割方法的发展历程.对不同分割方法进行对比发现:直接分割法简单、适用,却有任意性;水量平衡法实施起来困难,但符合水文规律;时间序列分析法和同位素法能克服手工图解分割方法的主观性和随意性,可以快速有效地得到连续基流过程.近年来,水文模拟、数字滤波、同位素法成为基流分割的主要方法.
Base flow segmentation research is one of the most important and difficult problems in hydrology and ecohydrology research, and its concept and method have been lack of uniform standards.This paper introduces the theory of base flow segmentation based on the definition of different base flow components in detail The development history of each base flow segmentation method is analyzed. Comparing different segmentation methods, it is found that the direct segmentation method is simple, applicable, but arbitrary. The water balance method is difficult to implement, but it complies with the hydrological rules. The time series analysis and isotope method Can overcome the subjectivity and arbitrariness of the manual graphical segmentation method, and can obtain the continuous base flow process quickly and effectively.In recent years, hydrological simulation, digital filtering and isotope method become the main methods of base flow segmentation.